For areas where there is no available means for connecting to the grid, OFF GRID solar systems are often used.

These systems need to be complemented with a back-up energy source to ensure that no power interruption occurs when there is not enough sunligth.

Battery banks are used as their primary back-up power source and a genset as their secondary power source.

Like in the case of hybrid set-ups, the cost to produce 1 kWh of energy from batteries or diesel is relatively higher as compared to grid-supplied electricity